Everything about Alpha-lactalbumin totally explained
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| Name = Lactalbumin, alpha-
| HGNCid = 6480
| Symbol = LALBA
| AltSymbols =; MGC138521; MGC138523
| OMIM = 149750
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1720
| MGIid = 96742
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_LALBA_207816_at_tn.png
| Function =
| Component =
| Process =
| Orthologs =
}}
Lactalbumin, alpha-, also known as
LALBA, is a human
gene.
α-lactalbumin is an important
whey protein in
cow's
milk (~1 g/l), and is also present in many other
mammalian species.
The molecular weight is 14176 Da, and the
isoelectric point is between 4.2 and 4.5. One of the main structural differences with
beta-lactoglobulin is that it doesn't have any free
thiol group that can serve as the starting point for a covalent aggregation reaction. As a result, pure α-lactoglobulin won't form gels upon
denaturation and
acidification.
When formed into a complex with Gal-T1, a
galactosyltransferase, α-lactalbumin enhances the enzymes affinity for
glucose by about 1000 times, and inhibits the ability to polymerise multiple
galactose units. This gives rise to a pathway for forming
lactose by converting Gal-TI to
Lactose synthase.
The sequence comparison of α-lactalbumin shows a strong similarity to that of
lysozymes, specifically the Ca
2+-binding c-lysozyme. So the expected evolutionary history is that gene duplication of the c-lysozyme was followed by mutation. This gene predates the last common ancestor of mammals and birds which probably puts its origin at about 300 Ma.
Further Information
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